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1. Udindo wa makina opangira zosefera

Ntchito ya sefa yamakina omanga ndikusefa zonyansa mumafuta, kuchepetsa kukana kwamafuta, kuonetsetsa kuti mafuta, ndikuchepetsa kuvala kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana panthawi yogwira ntchito;ntchito ya mafuta fyuluta element ndi bwino kusefa fumbi, chitsulo filings ndi zitsulo mu mafuta.Ma okosijeni, sludge ndi zonyansa zina zimatha kuletsa mafuta kuti asatseke, kuwongolera kuyatsa bwino, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti injini ikuyenda bwino;chinthu chosefera mpweya chili munjira yolowera mu injini, ndipo ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusefa zonyansa mumlengalenga zomwe zingalowe mu silinda.Kuvala koyambirira kwa ma pistoni, mphete za pisitoni, ma valve ndi mipando yama valve kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse ndi mphamvu yotulutsa injini.

Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti kuvala kwa injini kumaphatikizapo kuvala kwa dzimbiri, kuvala kolumikizana ndi kuvala kwa abrasive, ndipo kuvala kwa abrasive kumatengera 60% mpaka 70% ya kuchuluka kwake.Zosefera zamakina omanga nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito m'malo ovuta kwambiri.Ngati chitetezo chabwino sichipangidwa, mphete za silinda ndi pisitoni za injini zimatha kutha msanga.Ntchito yayikulu ya "ma cores atatu" ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ma abrasives ku injini mwa kusefa bwino mpweya, mafuta ndi mafuta, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti injini ikuyenda bwino.

2. Kusintha kwazinthu zosefera makina omangira

Nthawi zonse, kusintha kwa injini yamafuta a injini ndi maola 50 pa ntchito yoyamba, ndiyeno maola 300 aliwonse akugwira ntchito;m'malo mwa mafuta fyuluta chinthu ndi maola 100 ntchito yoyamba, ndiyeno maola 300 aliwonse ntchito.Kusiyana kwamagiredi abwino amafuta ndi mafuta kumatha kukulitsa kapena kufupikitsa kuzungulira kosinthika;kusinthika kwazinthu zosefera makina omangira ndi zinthu zosefera mpweya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizosiyana, ndipo kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zosefera mpweya kumasinthidwa monga koyenera malinga ndi momwe mpweya umagwirira ntchito.Mukasintha, zosefera zamkati ndi zakunja ziyenera kusinthidwa pamodzi.Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti chinthu cha fyuluta ya mpweya sichivomerezeka kuti chigwiritse ntchito mpweya wokhazikika pa chitukuko ndi kuyeretsa, chifukwa mpweya wothamanga kwambiri umawononga pepala la fyuluta ndikukhudza kusefera kwazitsulo zomanga makina.